Arkansas HVACR NewsMagazine January 2025

News Magazine

January 2025

Arkansas’ First and Only HVACR NewsMagazine

Knowledge You Need

Bryan Orr: What Should My Subcooling Be? P 39

2018 Energy Code Could be as early as 2 nd quarter 2024

He who has the gold rules

but he who has knowledge can

C25 Tax Credit In effect now

Tom Turner A New “F” Word P 10

have the gold.

Ferguson & Dept of Energy Mini-Splits P37

IRA May come as early as 2 nd quarter 26

Craig Migliacco Clogged AC Coil P 34

Bryan Orr Heat Pump Defrost P 31

Editorial So Much Respect P 8

2 day Manual J Classes Bentonville, Fort Smith, Hot Springs, Little Rock Dates to be Announced You’ll only pay for the Software

2 day Manual J Classes Camden, Harrison, Jonesboro, Texarkana Dates to be Announced You’ll only pay for the Software

By Arkansans

For Arkansans

News Magazine January 2025

Table of Contents

14

Continuing Education Events Chapter Meetings with Code CE Online Mechanical Code History & Updates 23-21 CEU Editorial An Industry That Deserves Respect (I Love You Man) FEATURE STORY Our New “F” Word------Financing (Tom Turner, Air Evangelist)

PG 5

pg 6

pg 8

pg 10

Education News Training Programs

PG 13

PG 14

East Arkansas Community College & Johnstone Partner to provide CE

State, national, chapter news Daikin Press Release

PG 16

pg 17

Esco Free Digital T/P Chart

pg 18

What is VRF in HVAC

pg 22

Kirk’s Corner

pg 24

Emissions Reduction and Reclamation Program (repeat from November)

Tech News

PG 31

Heat Pump Defrost (Bryan Orr - HVAC School)

5 Methods to Determine if the AC Coil is Clogged (Craig Migliacco AC Service Tech) PG 34 What Should My Subcooling Be? (Bryan Orr - HVAC School) PG 39

pg 30 PG 33 pg 36

News Magazine

January 2025

Arkansas’ First and Only HVACR NewsMagazine

Going Someplace in 2025 Check out MemberDeals

It ’ s a service for Association members to reduce travel and entertainment costs. Check it out on the website at arhvacr.org Log in and scroll down to Member Advantages. At the bottom, click on the MemberDeals icon. Lots of potential savings are available and it only costs you your membership. What a deal — What a deal. You might save some money and maybe not. Won ’ t know till you check it out. Let us know your experience so we can improve or share.

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March

Links Available in January

Links Available in January

• Central : March 20, Whole Hog, Cantrell, Little Rock: 6:00 • Fort Smith : March 4, Golden Corral, Fort Smith : 5:30 • Hot Springs : March11, National Park, Hot Springs : 6:00 • North Central : March 18 : ASU Mountain Home : 6:00 • Northeast : March 27 : Ron’s Catfish, Jonesboro : 6:00 • Northwest : March March 13 : Golden Corral, Fayetteville : 6:00 • South Central : March 6, Ouachita Electric Cooperative, Camden : 6:00 • Southwest : March 25 : Southwest Arkansas Electric Cooperative : 6:00

is no pressure. Just wanted to give you the opportunity to enjoy member pricing. Say Next. You are now ready to register for the class When registering, your license status is required. A, B, C, D, E, or Does Not Apply. If you enter a license class, you will also be asked to give your license number. Please enter all seven digits including a leading “0” if you have one. Very important. We need this so we can get you CE credit for your license renewal. After you have paid if you are not a member, you are ready to select the course. It is free to members. Should it charge you, your membership may have lapsed. You can go back to the existing member information and renew. If that is not correct, please pay the $30 and call the Association. We’ll get you refunded. We heartedly recommend that you spend time watching the “How to Take the Class”. It will make taking this and future classes much easier. One last note, when you have completed the class and passed the final assessment, you can download your certificate. Even better, that certificate remains as part of your profile forever. Loose your certificate and need a copy for license renewal? Just go back to your profile and download a replacement. No need to wait on someone to return your call and send it to you. This new system puts you in charge. Click Here to Learn More Online Classes From Those Who Know You Best

CE 23-21

Mechanical Code History and Updates

Yes, it is back. With a new Learning Management System with extra benefits, the Association’s first online course i s back up for you. It is a 2 hour course in Code and a convenient way to up date yourself and meet the License renewal for two hours of CE code instruction. The price is great: Member of the Association-----$0.00 (free) Non-member-------------------------$30.00 You still need two hours of technical or additional code instruction. The great thing about this is you can get technical from your distributor at one of their product classes. Learn what you sell, install, and service and come away with two hours of technical CE. What a deal. How to get started — 1. Go to the website arhvacr.org 2. Select Continuing Education and Training in the menu 3. Select Association Online Classes 4. Scroll down to the class Online Mechanical Code History & Updates 23-21 CEU 5. Select “Click Here to Visit Our Website 6. If you are a new user, just enter your email 7. Click Register 8. Enter and Confirm your Password 9. Click “Create Profile” If you are not a member, you have an opportunity to join so you can enjoy membership pricing. Click on Member Type and select your relationship to the industry or Say, “ No, Thank You ” . There

5% Energy Resource Conservation Loans

A Touchstone Energy® Partner

• No down payment • Low 5% interest • Up to 84 months to pay • Write one check for your payment and electric bill

• No early payment penalty • Low hassle loan application Call Southwest Arkansas Electric Member Service Department 800-782-2743

SUMMARY OF ERC LOAN PROGRAM Southwest Arkansas Electric Cooperative Energy Resource Conservation (ERC) Loan Program provides low cost financing for high efficiency heat pumps and other energy conservation improvements needed to make your home energy efficient. With approved credit and completion of the home survey, SWAECC will loan up to $5,000 per member per residential structure at 5% interest for up to 84 months. These loans are to finance energy conservation measures including heat pumps (including water source), caulking, weather stripping, insulation, storm or thermal doors and windows, etc. Loans for more than $5,000 will need Board of Director approval. Loans which do not include a heat pump will be limited to $3,000. To qualify, all conservation measures must save enough energy within 10 years to pay for the improvements. Payback estimates are determined by the Cooperative's Home Survey. Because loan funds are limited, loans will be made on a first come, first served basis. QUALIFICATIONS To qualify for the loan the member must have a good credit history with Southwest Arkansas Electric Cooperative and a good national credit rating. A three-member loan committee will check the member's credit before approving the loan. Loans will only be made for existing homes or buildings. The program is not for homes under construction. Also, property must be owned by the member. The cooling capacity of the heat pump should not exceed 125% of the calculated design load. The heat pump must also meet minimum efficiency ratings to qualify. The SEER rating must be 14.0 or above and the HSPF must be 8.0 or higher. All duct work, including all supply and return air duct work, must be installed with a minimum of 2" duct insulation or rigid fiberglass board and must be sized properly for noise reduction and air flow. HOME SURVEY Before a loan can be made, a home energy survey must be completed. This is a questionnaire concerning the existing and proposed energy efficiency of the property . CONTACT YOUR DEALER We advise but do not require you to contact more than one qualified dealer or contractor for cost estimates to install a heat pump and making other improvements such as storm windows or insulation if they are advised. To qualify for the ERC Loan, the unit must be installed by a member of the Arkansas HVACR Association. SUBMIT APPLICATION FOR ERC LOAN Complete and return the credit application, and the credit check authorization form in this brochure. Your application will be submitted to our loan committee for consideration, and we will notify you in writing of their decision. Once your credit is approved, we will need a copy of the deed to your property for proof of ownership and a legal description. The cooperative will file a lien on the proper-ty to secure the loan. A one-time fee of $30 will be charged to cover the cost of placing and releasing the property lien PROCESSING LOAN DOCUMENTS Upon completion of the work, a serviceman will inspect it. When the invoice is received and the inspection is complete, we will make an appointment for you to come to our Texarkana office to sign the loan papers and have them notarized. All checks will be two-party checks made out to both you and the contractor or contractors. NOTE : Cost of equipment and installation are to be negotiated between you and your contractor. You will be responsible for getting the invoices to us for processing and making payment to your contractor. A two-party check will be written to both you and the dealer . Sign the check only after work is completed.

HVACR NewsMagazine January 2025

How will we find that new level of installer and technician who understands and actually enjoy apps like measureQuick. That new employee will have to be sharp, dedicated to their work, and passionate about doing a good job — learning everyday. Those who step up are going to move you, your company, and our industry into a whole new level of technical expertise. Problem is, how will we train them? Most of our folks were trained by yesterday’s guys that were trained by the previous generation. They were good for the time, but not this time. We have to establish solid training programs at the local colleges and institute curriculum based on necessary skill sets. AND, each student must complete a portfolio of the skills they learned and have demonstrated their proficiency in those skills. We are working on that now and am excited that Arkansas will be on the front edge of a national movement HVACR education. That takes us to apprenticeship. Learning and application must have classroom, lab, and field experience. Theory, facts, and hands on are required and apprenticeship is the best way to achieve this goal. Along with that, we need to move our law toward having competency based licensing. Even a Certified Nursing Assistant requires training, an exam, and clinicals. Yes clinicals. We have a test, but no training or clinicals are required. Two years experience that is now required to sit for the test, does not necessarily guaranty quality of skill. Working on that as well. What I would like to say is, “I have so much respect for our techs that can thoroughly diagnose a problem and fix it the first time. I have so much respect for our installers that can install a system that is properly evacuated, vacuumed, charged, and connected to tight duct and know how to use measureQuick to prove the capacity and efficiency of the system. They explain to the customer how the thermostat works and leave them feeling comfortable with their purchase. Done right, our folks deserve so much respect. They are smart, dedicated, and deserve far more than the homeowner can pay. You make me proud.

An Industry That Deserves Respect

An industry filled with complicated formulas, equipment in a state of change, and regulations that will burden us as we move into the future, deserves respect. I have been studying technical issues and am so snowed. I have been a design guy for years. Run if you see me with a tool belt. That may be why I have such high respect for those of you are true techs / mechanics. This is not an industry where we can just set a condenser and a furnace and collect the check and be proud of ourselves. The pressure to install a system correctly, to gain every last ounce of capacity and efficiency is on us now. And it should be. If we sell a SEER 18 system, it should perform that way but the Department of Energy says many are not installed correctly. There is so much more than just putting this high efficiency unit on a pad. The existing duct system can prevent the new equipment from ever working to the level for which it was sold, yet, not everyone can afford another $10,000 to get the duct system replaced. That is why our Licensing Department provided a disclaimer that you can use in those situations. In terms of service, we think that calculating super heat and sub-cooling is all we need to know. Well, it is a start; but, what about knowing what is going on in the circuit to diagnosis a bad TXV or stopped up filter dryer. Do we understand the temperature differences at the Low Side Liquid and the Low Side Vapor. In addition, are we prepared to comply with all the A2L regulations, especially when it comes to commercial refrigeration. The paperwork is going to be a whole new issue that will take time and the cost will have to be passed on. Are we ready to take the professional steps necessary to operate a successful HVACR business. Frankly, I think it might be time to negotiate a good deal with one of your competitors and become the best tech he ever had and let him worry about new paperwork and regulations.

News Magazine January 2024

FEATURE STORY

mind the legal issues with efficiency requirements. The increased costs of raw materials put continuing pressure on the upward spiral of pricing in every regard to business operation. Not just equipment. Insurance, rent, transportation and wages all add to the fact it is difficult to shoehorn new equipment into a stressed household budget. Technology, efficiency, legality, material, and general business costs leave little room for anything else but inventing another “ F ” word, so, when you drop the “Financing” -bomb, we need to have the installation right. Financing may sound great, but there are associated pitfalls. The popular phrase “if you are not happy with our product, we will remove the equipment and refund your money” has been an out for our industry for many years. It seldom happens, however can your company make the same claim with financed equipment? What will your underwriters say about the claim? From time to time, you must fire your customer. Financing could make firing a customer difficult. Our industry has been struggling for decades to replenish those who drop out of the HVAC trade due to retirement, while demand grows due to population growth and technological innovation. While strides have been taken to make the industry more attractive and to provide education for candidates, the process will Why the concern?

Our New “ F ” Word Article furnished by Tom Turner, the Air Evangelist. We appreciate Tom ’ commitment to the industry and to the Association. In 2018 we developed a class on business operation. While researching the issues at hand, we uncovered fact that HVAC companies ranked just a little better than used car dealers. When you consider the BBB has over 4,000 classifications of businesses, it is not flattering to be at the bottom five hundred of rankings by customer satisfaction. Of course, not all companies are managed in same fashion, and we have plenty of work to be done at reasonable profits, without trying to hoodwink homeowners. However, since high demand exists and some companies do not see the value of repeat business, some will cut corners that harm our industry. companies recognized for some time we can no longer hobble together components to make repairs as has been done in the past. While it has never been acceptable to mix brands and components, companies have done so to meet customer demands when funds were simply not available. For over two decades you will run into issues of capacity and function when mixing heat pump components. With today’s controls, metering devices, capacity, and general operation you are unable to put a patch on a homeowner’s system. Never Knowledgeable HVAC

News Magazine January 2024

FEATURE STORY

be slow, and demand will continue to increase. As a business owner you must choose your business. Finance, or HVAC installations and service. Long term financing may force you to change your business model. Certainly, there are companies that carry the paper on the financial side. But your strategy may move from growing a business to maintaining financial opportunities for customers. Larger companies will have a leg up on most financing opportunities. Just as discounts on equipment bought in larger lots can be substantial, financing for the small business owner will be more expensive in most instances. Never lose sight of the fact shorter term financing presents less risk to your customer base. The longer you finance, the more risk of the relationship going bad. While keeping the financial assistance as short as possible sixty months can give the customer,

Comfortable. With these issues obtained, the systems would run trouble free for years with accompanied maintenance. The number one issue preventing QEC from delivered, is correct airflow across all components as designed. If air is not spot on, nothing works right. Requirements for the home In the last issue of Arkansas HVACR magazine, we discussed the fact that most contractors trust the builder to get the framing and general construction right. All too often it is not the case. Blower door research will validate the actual air leakage that exists. These numbers can provide confidence to adjust capacity when necessary. This information can be a great defense attorney when a contractor justifies his position on sizing or troubleshooting someone ’s work other than your own. Requirement for the equipment The manufacturer will set the air flow requirements in the data provided with the new equipment. We need to take the time to read the information supplied with the new equipment. Selecting filters Selecting filters is a greater challenge than most will ever believe. As a contractor, do your research by looking at real-time performance of filters. A filter may claim to deliver specific cfm, but at what expense in static pressure. Statics across the filter should never run at over a .15 IWC. Most filters we evaluate on an average installation cost well above .3

$10,000 for just over $165 monthly

$20,000 for just over $330 monthly

$30,000 for just over $500 monthly

These numbers are just as a general outline depending on the customers’ credit worthiness. Regardless of how you get the equipment in the home, the result must be products that meet QEC. Quiet, Efficient and

News Magazine January 2024

FEATURE STORY

IWC which is double the minimum. If you use all the static pressure available (.5 IWC) on filters, the air will stop moving with enough velocity to deliver the BTU’s required. Pay attention to static pressure requirements and air flow speeds necessary to deliver both BTU and CFM. Once you find a combination that works, stick with the same set up. (Hint- April Aire) Providing filters with an unimpeded quantity of air Most often, there is nowhere near enough return air. Half the cfm requirement for the equipment and convert to square inches. Three tons require 1200 CFM, divided by 2 = 600 square inches gross grill area required. In many instances, commercial return air grills (high AK factors) will be necessary to meet the requirement for low static and high air flow. Once the installation is complete be sure to adjust for all the connected components. Set dip switches or taps as required. Remember, gas furnaces come set from the factory at either 1200 CFM or 1800-2000 CFM. Three- or five-tons nominal air flow. Adjust proper settings to match other components Design or adjust existing duct work and terminal devices Most often small adjustment on existing duct work can provide major

improvements to air flow and BTU delivery.

Weigh in refrigerant and validate start up performance After evacuating the system and checking for leaks, adjust the charge computation to account for line length and weigh in the charge. Start the system and run while cleaning up your work site, review operation criteria. If the system runs long enough for you to clean up the site and invoice the customer, it will run reliably for years. Walk away with confidence Take the time to double-check your workspace and make sure nothing has been left behind. Thank the customer for their time and trust. Ask if they have any questions and leave confident you have installed a system at an address that you will not have to return to until required maintenance is due. If you just left a home where the customer has a system financed, you can rest assured you have done everything possible to limit your risk on an unscheduled return visit.

On the other hand, why would you install any system in a different manner?

To Finance Or Not to Finance That is the Question

S tate, National, Chapter News Education News

Training Programs

Northwest Technical Institute 709 Old Missouri Rd, Springdale, Arkansas 2764 Galin Cronin : info@nwti.edu 479-751-8824 SAU Tech 6415 Spellman Rd, East Camden, AR 71701 Roland Walters : cwalters@sautech.edu 870-574-4500 Southeast Arkansas College 1900 Hazel Street, Pine Bluff, AR 71603 Danny Gumm : dgumm@seark.edu 870-543-5976 UACC Hope / Texarkana 2500 South Main, Hope 71802 Leo Rateliff : leo.rateliff@uacch.edu 870-722-8507 UACC Morrilton 1537 University Blvd., Morrilton, AR 72110 Carroll Chism : chismc@uaccm.edu (501) 977-2053 UA Pulaski Tech College 3000 West Scenic Drive, NLR 72206 Matthew Lemaster : mlemaster@uaptc.edu 501-812-2795 UA Monticello / Crossett Add Your Name If you are a college or technical institute and want to be included in the list of HVACR education providers, contact the NewsMagazine 501-487-8655 news@arhvacr.org We’ll make sure you are in the next issue. Also, if we need to correct your information, please let us know. 1326 Hwy 52W, Crossett, AR 71635 Brad White : bwhite@uamont.edu 870-415-9795

Arkansas North Eastern College 4213 Main Street, Blytheville 72315 Rick Sones : rsones@smail.anc.edu 870-763-6222 Arkansas Tech University, Ozark 1700 Helberg Lane, Ozark, AR 72949 Kenneth Beeler : kbeeler@atu.edu 479-508-3333 ASU Mountain Home 4034 Hwy 63 W, Mountain Home 72653 No program at present ASU Newport 33500 US 63, Marked Tree 72365 Mark Constant : mark_constant@asun.edu 870-358-8627 ASU Searcy 1800 East Moore Avenue, Searcy Brad Cooper : bjcooper@asun.edu 501-207-6221 East Arkansas Community College Newcastle Road, Forrest City, AR 72335 Robert Jackson : rjackson@eacc.edu 870-633-5411 National Park College 101 College Drive, Hot Springs, 71913 Ashton Copaus : ashton.copaus@np.edu 501-760-4394 North Arkansas Community College 1515 Pioneer Drive, Harrison, AR 72601 Jeff Smith : jsmith@northark.edu 870-391-3382 Northwest Arkansas Community College One College Drive, Bentonville, AR 71712 A. J. Hart : ahart7@nwacc.edu 479-986-4000

HVACR NewsMagazine January 2025

State National Chapter News

Jason James & Robert Jackson Partner to provide Continuing Education

In an exemplary effort to provide continuing education to folks in the Northeast and East Chapters of the State, Robert Jackson of East Arkansas Community College and Jason James of Johnstone Supply provided 4 hours of CE on December 13. College was already dismissed for the Christmas holiday but Robert persuaded the administration to open the doors for this special event. Their special events director set everything up and even provided coffee. A remarkable effort, especially when he was supposed to be off work. Jason James is an exemplary tech service and training person with Johnstone. This was not the first time Jason partnered with Robert and seemed willing to do it again as the need arises. Thirty-five Licensee ’ s attended the two sessions: A2L and Mastering Static Pressure. Another amazing benefit to the attending contractors--- IT WAS FREE. Robert is so committed to his dealers that he is always finding a way to provide training for the lowest possible pricing. East Arkansas Community College provides an excellent HVACR education to folks in the Forrest City area and is a great place to consider for your certificate or continuing education needs. Known Robert for many years and, well, his heart is in the

Jason James, Johnstone Supply

right place and his program is practical hands on. If you want to learn more about the program, call 870-317-2313. Here ’s hoping that more colleges partner with local distributors like Johnstone to provide CE at the college facility. It is a win win for everyone. It is how we need to address the future of HVACR education.

Now is a great time for customers to earn rebates on high-efficiency natural gas furnaces and water heaters! These energy-efficient systems are not just practical, they’re also fantastic choices that can truly elevate your customers’ home comfort and savings. equipment with rebates from Summit Utilities! Increase your sales of high-efficiency natural gas

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Residential and small business rebates: • Up to $800 for qualifying heating systems • Up to $700 for qualifying tankless water heaters • Up to $1,700 for combination furnace plus tankless water heater Learn more at SummitUtilities.com/Rebates

HVACR NewsMagazine January 2025

State National Chapter News

• Introduction to Low GWP Refrigerants: Understanding the environmental and regulatory landscape. • Refrigerant Properties and Characteristics: Detailed insights into various refrigerants. • The Refrigeration Cycle: Core concepts and applications. • Working with Refrigerant Blends: Techniques and considerations. • Proper Installation and Service Guidelines: Standards for effective practices. • Flammable Refrigerant Considerations: Safety measures and protocols. • Associated Codes and Standards: Compliance with EPA SNAP Program, ASHRAE Standards 15 and 34, UL 60335-2-40, NFPA 55, and Safe Refrigerant Transition Task Force (SRTTF) guidelines. How to Enroll This immersive learning course is available through the HVAC Learning Campus. 1. Go to HVAC Learning Campus 2. Click “Sign In” in the upper right corner 3. Click “Create Account” or enter username and password if you already have an account 4. From the drop-down menu next to your name in the upper right corner, select “My Trainings” 5. Search for “ESCO Institute Low GWP (A2L) Refrigerants” This course is made available by a partnership between Daikin and Esco Institute. The Arkansas HVACR Association appreciates being able to provide this information and link to the course. It is free.

In case you missed it

DAIKIN Press Release Daikin Comfort Technologies North America, Inc. (Daikin), a global leader in Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) manufacturing, is proud to announce a groundbreaking initiative aimed at educating the HVAC industry on the transition to Low Global Warming Potential (GWP) Refrigerants and the advanced equipment designed to utilize them. As the HVAC industry continues to evolve, traditional refrigerants and the equipment that operate with it are being phased down/out in favor of alternatives known as Low GWP refrigerants. These new refrigerants, many of which are classified by ASHRAE as A2L, along with the HVAC equipment utilizing the new Low-GWP refrigerants, do not currently require specialized training for safe handling and transportation, but it is recommended for technicians and others who will be working with these new A2L refrigerants to become comfortable with the changes. To support HVAC professionals in navigating these changes, Daikin has teamed up with the ESCO Institute to offer the "Low-GWP Refrigerant Safety: Flammable and Mildly Flammable (A2L) Refrigerants" course. This immersive learning course makes it simple to learn about the essential knowledge and skills needed to safely work with these refrigerants through interactive exercises. Key Topics Covered: • Refrigerant Safety: Fundamental principles and best practices.

HVACR NewsMagazine January 2025

State National Chapter News

ESCO Free Digital T/P Chart ESCO is providing a free digital T/P Chart which includes the two most popular A2L refrigerants, R-454B and R-32. You are probably familiar with ESCO and ESCO Institute. They are a leading provider of EPA 608 training and certification. They have now become the leader in college accreditation. There are Arkansas four colleges that have been or are in the process of being accredited by HVAC Excellence: Arkansas State University in Searcy, Arkansas Technical University at Ozark, North Arkansas College in Harrison, and University of Arkansas Pulaski Technical College in North Little Rock. ESCO also has a plethora of courses and publications available https://hvacr.elearn.network/col lections?collection_id= OK, back on subject. The link to the free digital T/P Chart is Peruse their offerings and you’ll find something that interests you. Some are for a fee and others are free. So much information is available these days. We’re very fortunate to have easy access to great companies that make their information, classes, and apps available. https://hvacr.elearn.network/products /digital_downloads/new-digital download

Mfgs, Distributors, Colleges — Got a class you want to promote? Let us know. We’ll get the word out. We’re all about education

HVACR NewsMagazine January 2024

State National Chapter News

ramp up or down based on the needs within each space. A non-inverter system ramps up the compressor at full capacity all the time. Essentially it’s either on or off. With inverter systems operating at lower speeds and capacity, the efficiency gains can be substantial. This versatility means VRF products are customizable to meet the specifications of virtually any project, making them particularly appealing for commercial spaces and facility managers. The VRF system diagram below shows refrigerant branch (RB) lines for cooling as well as single and group connections for individual and simultaneous cooling and heating.

What is VRF in HVAC? Available in the U.S. only since the early 2000s, VRF offers superior energy efficiency and the ability for a quick return on investment. But what exactly is the VRF meaning to HVAC contractors, builders and mechanical contractors, and how can you use it to grow your business? Learn more about this state-of-the-art HVAC solution, facts about how it works, and how your customers and your contracting business can benefit from VRF systems. VRF explained: What is VRF? VRF stands for variable refrigerant flow, which goes a surprisingly long way toward describing how this system uses refrigerant for both air conditioning and heating. In a nutshell, VRF is a ductless, large-scale system for HVAC that performs at a high capacity. Unlike split AC equipment , VRF allows multiple indoor units to run on the same system, which is designed differently depending on the application. VRF systems are considered either a heat pump system or a heat recovery system, which can heat and cool simultaneously. VRF systems obtain their high efficiency through the use of inverter compressors. Inverter systems allow the compressor to

What is the difference between VRF and VRV? Both of these terms refer to the same technology. VRV is a trademarked term that stands for variable refrigerant volume. An air conditioning manufacturer sparked this innovation 40 years ago, and VRF refers to the general technology. How does VRF work? In a VRF system, the refrigerant passes through condenser units to indoor units, cutting down on the need for extensive ductwork and air handlers . The smaller pipes make it a bit easier to

HVACR NewsMagazine January 2024

State National Chapter News

What are the benefits of a VRF system? If you’re weighing the advantages for a new building or home, a renovation or your current client base, here are a few examples of what you and your occupants will gain from VRF AC and heating over traditional HVAC. • Energy efficiency: As mentioned above, leaky or unprotected ducts lead to a lot of wasted energy. Customers typically enjoy cost savings in utility bills and increased comfort after the initial installation. • Customizable temperature settings: If the right VRF HVAC system for the building is selected, occupants can heat and cool different zones at the same time, allowing workers and sensitive equipment to stay safe. • Sleek and compact: Compared to traditional equipment, VRF HVAC units are much less bulky, making them an excellent solution for retrofitting, renovating or outfitting areas with limited space. • Scalability : Once thought to be mainly for commercial buildings, VRF systems have advanced to be compatible with a range of heating and cooling products. They can scale to control the climate in a small single-family home or a commercial high-rise. • Quiet: VRF systems reduce ambient noise both inside the building as well as outside, particularly in comparison to traditional HVAC technology. • Easy to install: Ducted HVAC equipment is notoriously heavy. While VRF should be installed only by trained and certified professionals, based on the type of VRF system, installation takes much less physical exertion. Pro tip: Skip waiting for a third party to install VRF by enrolling in Ferguson VRF training courses.

retrofit in older buildings than traditional HVAC systems. As technology advances, previous limitations are disappearing. VRF systems can now be an ideal choice for commercial buildings and residential homes. Removing ducts from the equation is part of the increased energy efficiency. The U.S. Department of Energy’s Energy Saver reports that more than 30% of energy consumption could be due to losses of cool air through ducts. What are the types of VRF systems? There are several types of these systems that contractors discuss: heat recovery or heat pump, two-pipe or three-pipe, and air-cooled or water-cooled. A three-pipe VRF heat recovery system enables users to heat one zone while simultaneously cooling another. Three pipe systems can be useful for facility managers of buildings with mixed temperature needs who are striving to reduce energy consumption. Typical applications would include multifamily buildings, large office complexes and religious buildings with multiple classrooms, among others. A VRF heat pump system typically uses two pipes and can also heat and cool but not at the same time. Two-pipe systems have their own advantages, such as less pipe and connections to create opportunities for leaks. Less lifetime maintenance means more savings on the system over the long term. Air-cooled VRF systems rely on outside air (even using ducts occasionally). Water-cooled VRF can be hidden away inside and, in some situations, can use geothermal systems already in place for increased efficiency.

HVACR NewsMagazine January 2024

State National Chapter News

But can all buildings benefit from VRF? As with most decisions contractors and builders need to make every day, the answer depends on your specific project. Factors include building size, space constraints, long-term cost savings vs. initial outlay and other considerations. Is VRF better than split AC? VRF systems can handle large spaces well, but are the energy savings worth the installation cost for residential homes? VRF can be worthwhile, particularly in two-story homes with varied heating and cooling needs. As technology continues to advance, setting up homes for the future can be a great selling point. Residential homes can benefit from the energy efficiency; it really comes down to whether the initial outlay is worth it to your customers. Article taken from Ferguson ’ s online communications, https://www.ferguson.com/content/ideas-and-learning center/trade-talk/what-is-a-vrf system/?srsltid=AfmBOoqylIre69whHucWGBI6n_FZMB 61MmZL1AVIeTMt1OrwxoT8AXJ We appreciate their having excellent information for the HVACR industry.

add-ons to houses with "non-ducted" heating systems, such as hydronic (hot water heat), radiant panels, and space heaters (wood, kerosene, propane). They can also be a good choice for room additions and small apartments, where extending or installing distribution ductwork for a central air-conditioner is not feasible. Check out our Energy Saver 101 infographic on home cooling to learn how ductless, mini-split air conditioners stack up against other cooling systems. Like central systems, mini-splits have two main components: an outdoor compressor/condenser, and an indoor air-handling unit. A conduit, which houses the power cable, refrigerant tubing, suction tubing, and a condensate drain, links the outdoor and indoor units. Advantages The main advantages of mini-splits are their small size and flexibility for zoning and cooling individual rooms. Many models can have as many as four indoor air handling units (for four zones or rooms) connected to one outdoor unit. The number depends on how much cooling is required for the building or each zone. This can be affected by how well the building is insulated and air sealed. Each of the zones will have its own thermostat, so you only need to condition that space when it is occupied, saving energy and money. Ductless mini-split systems are also often easier to install than other types of air conditioning systems. For example, the hook-up between the outdoor and indoor units generally requires only a three-inch (~8 centimeter [cm]) hole through a wall for the conduit. Also, most manufacturers of this type of system can provide a variety of lengths of connecting conduits. So, if necessary, you can locate the outdoor

Reprint from the Department of Energy https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/ductless mini-split-air-conditioners?newTab=true

Ductless,

mini

split-system

air

conditioners (mini -splits) have numerous potential applications in residential, commercial, and institutional buildings. The most common applications are in multifamily housing or as retrofit

HVACR NewsMagazine January 2024

State National Chapter News

unit as far away as 50 feet (~15 meters [m]) from the indoor evaporator. This makes it possible to cool rooms on the front side of a building house with the compressor in a more advantageous or inconspicuous place on the outside of the building. Since mini-splits have no ducts, they avoid the energy losses associated with ductwork of central forced air systems. Duct losses can account for more than 30% of energy consumption for air conditioning, especially if the ducts are in an unconditioned space such as an attic. Compared with other add-on systems, mini-splits offer more flexibility in interior design options. The indoor air handlers can be suspended from a ceiling, mounted flush into a drop ceiling, or hung on a wall. Floor-standing models are also available. Most indoor units have profiles of about seven inches (~18 cm) deep and usually come with sleek, high-tech looking jackets. Many also offer a remote control to make it easier to turn the system on and off when it's positioned high on a wall or suspended from a ceiling. Disadvantages The primary disadvantage of mini-splits is their cost. Such systems cost about $1,500 to $2,000 per ton (12,000 Btu per hour) of cooling capacity. This is about 30% more than central systems (not including ductwork) and may cost twice as much as window units of similar capacity. The installer must also correctly size each indoor unit and judge the best location for its installation. Oversized or incorrectly located air-handlers often result in short cycling, which wastes energy and does not provide proper temperature or humidity control. Too large a system is also more expensive to buy and operate.

Some people may not like the appearance of the indoor part of the system. While less obtrusive than a window room air conditioner, they seldom have the built-in look of a central system. There must also be a place to drain condensate water near the outdoor unit. Subscribe to Energy Saver Updates

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ARHVACR NewsMagazine January 2025

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Kirk’s Corner Kirk’s Corner January 2025

It’s a new year for the HVAC world; one filled with multiple opportunities to help improve our customers’ lives. One of the best ways to do this is to educate them about how they can save money by switching to energy-efficient appliances, like natural gas heaters. This presents a prime opportunity for you, as an HVAC contractor, to guide your customers toward energy-efficient solutions that deliver lasting benefits. By recommending and installing high efficiency 95% natural gas furnaces or tankless water heaters, you not only address these needs but also unlock valuable incentives for your clients through Summit Utilities’ rebates and federal tax credits. High-efficiency natural gas furnaces and tankless water heaters are excellent options for homeowners. Here’s why: Substantial Savings: Homeowners can qualify for substantial rebates — like $800 for a natural gas furnace or $700 for a condensing tankless water heater. These rebates, coupled with federal tax credits, mean immediate cost reductions and long-term energy savings. Why Promote Energy-Efficient Upgrades?

Reliable Comfort: A 95% natural gas furnace efficiently heats homes even during the coldest months, while tankless water heaters ensure unlimited hot water. Environmental Impact: Energy-efficient appliances help reduce carbon footprints, offering an eco-conscious solution. By emphasizing these benefits, you’ll help your customers see the clear value in choosing energy-efficient upgrades for their homes. Seize the Opportunity with Federal Tax Credits and Rebates What makes this even more appealing? Federal tax credits provide a powerful financial incentive when bundled with Summit Utilities’ rebates. These rewards make energy-efficient equipment a smart and affordable choice for your customers. By highlighting this advantage, you not only add value to

ARHVACR NewsMagazine January 2025

S tate, National, Chapter News State national Chapter News

their investment but also strengthen your reputation as a trusted expert in energy-efficient home solutions.

Goals for 2025 1. increase my maintenance agreements 2. use measureQuick to commission my installs 3. get a good accountant and follow their advice

Don't Let Your Customers Miss Out!

With heating season in full swing, your customers are looking for dependable and affordable solutions, and natural gas is a cost-effective and reliable option. Be sure to present rebate opportunities and special incentives to your clients to make their decision even easier. Want to learn more? Visit the U.S. Department of Energy’s site for information about available programs: Federal Tax Credits - Clean Energy Tax Credits for Consumers. Note: Please encourage your customers to consult a tax professional for more information about federal tax credits. Promoting these programs to your customers not only enhances their experience but also helps position your business as a leader in energy-efficient solutions. Let’s continue to make an impact – your customers (and their energy bills) will thank you!

4. establish a close relationship with inspectors

5. work with my local college for CE 6. Get to know my competitors at the HVACR Association

7. Recognize my employees

8. Give my family credit for their support 9. Give God credit for keeping me sane

Emissions Reduction and Reclamation Program

epa.gov/climate-hfcs-reduction

FACT SHEET Final Rule - Phasedown of Hydrofluorocarbons: Management of Certain Hydrofluorocarbons and Substitutes under Subsection (h) of the American Innovation and Manufacturing Act What is the AIM Act?

The American Innovation and Manufacturing (AIM) Act was enacted on December 27, 2020. The AIM Act authorizes the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to address hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) in three main ways: (1) phasing down their production and consumption, (2) promulgating certain regulations for purposes of maximizing reclamation and minimizing releases of HFCs from equipment and ensuring the safety of technicians and consumers, and (3) facilitating the transition to next-generation technologies through sector-based restrictions. This final rule concerns the second area – maximizing reclamation and minimizing releases of HFCs. What is EPA Finalizing in This Rulemaking?

About HFCs HFCs are potent greenhouse gases (GHGs) intentionally developed as replacements for ozone-depleting substances (ODS) in several sectors, including refrigeration, air conditioning, and heat pump and fire

suppression. They have global warming potentials (GWPs) (a

measure of the relative climate impact of a GHG) that can be hundreds to thousands of times greater than that of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ).

This is the first final rule under subsection (h), “Management of Regulated Substances,” of the AIM Act, and establishes the Emissions Reduction and Reclamation (ER&R) Program for the management of certain HFCs and their substitutes, including certain provisions that apply to both new and existing equipment. This rule also establishes implementing regulations to control, where appropriate, practices, processes, or activities regarding the servicing, repair, disposal, or installation of equipment that involves certain HFCs and their substitutes. The ER&R Program includes provisions that reduce emissions of climate-damaging HFCs from equipment, such as air conditioning and refrigeration systems, and maximize the amount of HFCs that can be reclaimed. These provisions do not generally require consumers to stop using or servicing their existing equipment.

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Office of Air and Radiation September 20, 2024

What is the HFC Phasedown? The AIM Act directs EPA to phase down the production and consumption of HFCs by 85% from historic baseline levels by 2036. The U.S. phasedown is consistent with the schedule in the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer , a global agreement to phase down HFCs, ratified by the United States on October 31, 2022. A global HFC phasedown is expected to avoid up to 0.5 degrees Celsius of global warming by 2100. Maximizing reclamation and minimizing releases of HFCs from equipment supports the domestic phasedown of HFCs. Who May Be Affected by This Final Rule? Entities that may be affected by this final rule include those that own, operate, service, repair, recycle, dispose, or install equipment containing HFCs or their substitutes, as well as those that recover, recycle, or reclaim HFCs or their substitutes. What Are the Costs and Benefits of This Final Rule? EPA prepared estimates of the costs and benefits of this ER&R action to provide the public with information on the relevant costs and benefits and to comply with Executive Orders. That analysis estimates that this final rule will result in significant GHG emissions reduction benefits while providing cost savings. Over the years 2026–2050, this final rule is projected to prevent an estimated 120 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MMTCO 2 e) in HFC emissions – equivalent to emissions from 23.7 million homes’ electricity use for one year – beyond the expected benefits from other rules under the AIM Act. Presently, the net incremental benefits of this rule from 2026–2050 is estimated to be at least $6.9 billion. 1 What Are Key Provisions of the Final Rule? Key provisions are outlined below to implement the ER&R Program for the management of HFCs and their substitutes for the refrigeration, air conditioning, and heat pumps sector (RACHP) and the fire suppression sector. EPA has also finalized alternative standards for certain ignitable used refrigerants, including some HFCs and their substitutes, under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA).

1 Although this estimate utilized social cost of HFC (SC-HFC) estimates for purposes of those analyses, this action does not rely on those values or the resulting quantification of climate benefits as a record basis for this rule, and we would reach the same conclusions in absence of the social costs of HFCs.

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Office of Air and Radiation September 20, 2024

Refrigeration, Air Conditioning, and Heat Pumps

Automatic Leak Detection Certain new and existing appliances must install and use ALD systems Service/Repair with Reclaim Servicing and/or repair of refrigerant containing equipment must be done with reclaimed HFCs in supermarket systems, refrigerated transport, and automatic commercial ice makers Recordkeeping, Reporting, and Labeling For certain provisions

Leak Repair Suite of leak repair provisions for certain refrigerant-containing appliances, including ensuring that applicable leak rates are not exceeded Reclamation Standard Reclaimed HFC refrigerants can contain no more than 15% virgin HFCs, by weight and must be labeled Disposable Cylinders Removal of HFCs from certain disposable cylinders prior to discarding them

Refer to 40 CFR part 84 subpart C for full requirements.

Fire Suppression

Initial Installation New fire suppression equipment must be installed with recycled HFCs Servicing and/or Repair Fire suppression equipment must be serviced and/or repaired with recycled HFCs Recordkeeping and Reporting For certain provisions

Recycle Prior to Disposal Recycling of HFCs prior to disposal of fire suppression equipment containing HFCs Fire Suppression Technician Training Training for technicians Minimize Releases Minimize releases of HFCs during the servicing, repair, disposal, and/or installation of fire suppression equipment that contains HFCs

Refer to 40 CFR part 84 subpart C for full requirements.

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Office of Air and Radiation September 20, 2024